The Emergency Preparedness Merit Badge: Your Ultimate Guide In 2026


The Eagle-required Emergency Preparedness merit badge will test your planning skills in the face of unexpected disasters. After all, a Scout must be prepared for anything! In earning this badge you’ll learn useful rescue techniques, understand the history behind disaster preparedness, and prepare your own household for a potential emergency.

In this guide, I’ll be walking you through the answers to each of the Emergency Preparedness knowledge requirements so that you can complete your merit badge worksheet and earn this Eagle-required badge. Pay close attention! Later, you’ll be putting what you’ve learned to the test by creating emergency plans for your troop and family.

This is Part 1, covering Requirements 1-4. These focus on the five aspects of emergency preparedness, analyzing 10 emergency situations, family emergency planning, accident prevention, and rescue techniques. Once you’re done here, head over to Part 2 (Requirements 5-10) to finish the badge!

Before we get started, if you have other Eagle-required merit badges to earn, I’d recommend checking out my Difficulty Ranking Guide to Every Eagle-required Badge. There, you’ll also find the links to my other merit badge guides, as well as a description and summary of each badge’s requirements. I’m certain this resource will be helpful to Scouts on their road to Eagle!

Also, remember that ScoutSmarts should just serve as your starting point for merit badge research. In school, we’re taught not to plagiarize, and the same is true for Scouting worksheets. Answer these questions in your own words, do further research, and I promise you’ll gain much more from every merit badge you earn!

Now it’s time to begin earning your Emergency Preparedness merit badge. First, thoroughly read through each of the badge requirements below. Then, I’ll help you to answer each question and understand what you can do to be prepared for and respond to any emergency!

What Are The Emergency Preparedness Merit Badge Requirements?

  1. Emergency Situations. Do the following:
    • 1a. Discuss with your counselor the aspects of emergency preparedness and include in your discussion the kinds of questions that are important to ask yourself as you consider each of these: prevention, protection, mitigation, response, and recovery.
    • 1b. Using a chart, spreadsheet, or another method approved by your counselor, demonstrate your understanding of each aspect of emergency preparedness listed in requirement 1a (prevention, protection, mitigation, response, and recovery) for 10 emergency situations from the list below. Discuss your findings with your counselor.
  2. Planning for Family Emergencies. Do the following:
    • 2a. At a family meeting, discuss the situations on the chart you created for requirement 1b and make emergency plans for sheltering-in-place and for evacuation of your home. Discuss your family meeting and plans with your counselor.
    • 2b. Develop and practice a plan of escape for your family in case of fire in your home. Draw a floor plan with escape routes and a map with a safe meeting place. Discuss your family’s home escape plan with your counselor.
    • 2c. Using a checklist in the Emergency Preparedness merit badge pamphlet or one approved by your counselor, prepare or inspect a family disaster kit for sheltering-in-place and for evacuation of your home. Review the needs and uses of the items in a kit with your counselor.
  3. Preventing Accidents and Emergencies. Do ONE of the following:
    • 3a. Using a home safety checklist included in the Emergency Preparedness merit badge pamphlet or one approved by your counselor, inspect a home (or a similar building near where you live or at a camp) for safety hazards with the help of an adult. Present your completed checklist to and discuss your findings with your counselor.
    • 3b. Develop emergency prevention plans for five family activities outside the home, as approved by your counselor. Each plan should include an analysis of possible hazards, proposals to prevent, protect from, mitigate, respond to, and recover from emergencies, and the reasons for the actions that you propose.
  4. Dangerous Situations. Show how you could save a person from the following dangerous situations without putting yourself in danger:
    • 4a. Live household electric wire.
      4b. A structure filled with carbon monoxide.
      4c. Clothes on fire.
      4d. Drowning, using nonswimming rescues (including accidents on ice).
  5. Signaling for Help. Do the following:
    • 5a. Show three ways of attracting and communicating with rescue aircraft or drones.
      5b. Show ways to attract the attention of searchers on the ground if you are lost in the wilderness.
      5c. Show ways to attract the attention of searchers on the water if you are stranded with a capsized or disabled motorboat or sailboat.
  6. Moving an Injured Person. With another person, show two good ways to transport an injured person out of a remote area using improvised stretchers to conserve the energy of rescuers while ensuring the well-being and protection of the injured person.
  7. National Incident Management System (NIMS) and Incident Command System (ICS). Do the following:
    • 7a. Describe the National Incident Management System (NIMS) and the local Incident Command System (ICS).
      7b. Find out how your community and its leaders work to manage and to train for disasters. Discuss this information with your counselor.
      7c. Discuss how a Scout troop can help in an emergency situation using ICS.
  8. Emergency Service. Do the following:
    • 8a. Discuss with your counselor the duties that a Scout troop should be prepared to do, the training they need, and the safety precautions they should take for the following emergency services: (1) Crowd and traffic control. (2) Messenger service during an incident. (3) Collection and distribution services. (4) Group feeding, shelter, and sanitation.
    • 8b. Prepare a written plan for mobilizing your troop when needed to do emergency service. If your troop already has a mobilization plan, present the plan to your counselor and tell your part in making the plan work.
    • 8c. Using a checklist in the Emergency Preparedness merit badge pamphlet or one approved by your counselor, prepare or inspect a personal emergency service pack for a mobilization call. Explain the needs and uses of the contents to your counselor.
    • 8d. Take part in an emergency service project, either a real one or a practice exercise, with a Scouting troop or a community agency or at Scout camp or at a school. Review what you learned and practiced with your counselor.
  9. First Aid Merit Badge. Earn the First Aid merit badge.
  10. Careers. Do ONE of the following:
    • 10a. Interview an emergency services coordinator or a civil servant about their work in disaster management. Learn about how they chose this career and about their duties. Discuss what you learned with your counselor and whether you might be interested in this career.
    • 10b. Identify three career opportunities that would use skills and knowledge in emergency services. Pick one and research the training, education, certification requirements, experience, and expenses associated with entering the field. Discuss what you learned with your counselor and whether you might be interested in this career.
    • 10c. Identify how you might use the skills and knowledge in the field of emergency preparedness to pursue a personal hobby and/or healthy lifestyle. Discuss what you learned with your counselor and share what short-term and long-term goals you might have if you pursued this.

Emergency Situations (Requirement 1)

1a) Discuss with your counselor the aspects of emergency preparedness and include in your discussion the kinds of questions that are important to ask yourself as you consider each of these: prevention, protection, mitigation, response, and recovery.

The 5 aspects of emergency preparedness were first established by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), as a way to improve our national response when facing different types of disasters. By using the 5 preparedness aspects effectively, you’ll be able to lessen the damages caused by an emergency, or even prevent it entirely.

FEMA, as a part of the US Department of Homeland Security, has a central national preparedness goal:

“A secure and resilient nation with the capabilities required across the whole community to prevent, protect against, mitigate, respond to, and recover from the threats and hazards that pose the greatest risk.”

FEMA’s mission statement is where the Scouting methodology of prevention, protection, mitigation, response, and recovery comes from! Now let’s break down each of these emergency preparedness aspects:

AspectKey Question to Ask YourselfWhat It Means
PreventionWhat are the possible hazards of this activity?The best way to handle an emergency is to prevent it from occurring. Be on the lookout for potential risks and take steps to stop damage or harm before it happens.
ProtectionIf an emergency occurs, what can I do beforehand to make sure those involved are not harmed?Take early actions that reduce the damage caused by a threat. Know what steps to take beforehand. Shelters and guards are forms of protection.
MitigationHow can I lessen the likelihood and impact of an emergency?Put plans in place to make things “less bad.” Clearly marking safety exits and mapping escape plans are ways to lessen possible damage.
ResponseIf the emergency occurs, what steps prevent further injuries or damages?Take action: assess the situation, then prevent further damages, injuries, and panic. Firefighters and safety teams are examples of effective response forces.
RecoveryHow can we lessen the damages and spur a faster healing process?Respond so that victims’ mental and physical states can improve quickly. Urgent medical treatment and psychological care are examples of recovery methods.

Keep these points in mind as you complete the rest of the Emergency Preparedness merit badge’s requirements. The idea of prevention, protection, mitigation, response, and recovery should guide your thought process when preparing for any type of emergency.

1b) Using a chart, spreadsheet, or another method approved by your counselor, demonstrate your understanding of each aspect of emergency preparedness listed in requirement 1a for 10 emergency situations from the list below. Discuss your findings with your counselor.

You need to choose 10 of the 21 emergency situations and analyze each one using the 5 aspects of emergency preparedness. I’ve done research on several situations that I feel might be applicable to most Scouts. However, I encourage you to look further into the other topics if they interest you. The best way to prepare for an emergency is by being curious!

Here are all 21 options. The underlined ones are covered in the chart below:

  1. Home stovetop or oven fire
  2. Home flammable liquid fire
  3. Gas leak in or near a home
  4. Food poisoning
  5. Automobile crash
  6. Vehicle stalled in the desert
  7. Vehicle trapped in a blizzard
  8. Backcountry injury
  9. Boating or water accident
  10. Toxic chemical spills and releases
  11. Nuclear power plant emergency
  1. Fire or explosion in a public place
  2. Violence in a public place
  3. Wildland fire
  4. Avalanche (snowslide or rockslide)
  5. Earthquake
  6. Tsunami
  7. Major flooding or flash flood
  8. Hurricane with power outage
  9. Tornado
  10. Lightning storm
PreventionProtectionMitigationResponseRecovery
(1) Home stovetop/oven fireBe careful when using stoves and ovens. Keep loose and flammable materials away from heat sources.Keep a fire extinguisher near the kitchen. Have a fire response plan in place beforehand. Never put water on an oil fire.Have a plan to evacuate your family. Keep all doors closed and walkways clear.Stay calm and respond quickly. Try to extinguish the fire. If that fails, evacuate and call 911.Take care of any injuries and file insurance claims. Stay cheerful and support your family.
(2) Home flammable liquid fireKeep flammable liquids (gasoline, solvents, etc.) securely stored in approved containers away from heat sources.Know the location of your home fire extinguisher. Have a response and an evacuation plan.Notify your family to evacuate quickly. Stay low to avoid breathing smoke.Close all doors to slow the fire’s spread. Use a Class B fire extinguisher if safe. Call 911.Identify relatives or friends to temporarily stay with. File an insurance claim.
(3) Gas leak in or near a homeInspect gas sources and connections regularly. Know how to turn off your main gas valve.Install gas detectors in your home. Know where your main gas shutoff valve is located.If you smell gas, do not turn on lights, use electronics, or create sparks. Open doors and windows as you leave.Evacuate immediately. Call 911 from outside the building. Do not re-enter until cleared by professionals.Have a professional inspect and repair the source. Ventilate thoroughly before reoccupying.
(4) Food poisoningToss out spoiled foods. Wash hands. Inspect your food beforehand. Cook foods to proper temperatures.Know the symptoms of food poisoning. Be aware of poison control line numbers (1-800-222-1222).Have fluids with electrolytes in your house. Stop eating if something tastes off.Tell an adult. Do not take any medications unless approved by a medical professional.Drink fluids and get lots of rest. Go to a doctor if after 2 days you do not improve.
(5) Automobile crashDrive under control at all times. Get your vehicle routinely checked by a professional mechanic.Always wear your seatbelt and keep a first aid kit in your vehicle.Move your vehicle offroad after an accident. Call 911. Stay far away from oncoming traffic.Be alert. Stay calm. Move your family far offroad. Deliver first aid when safe.Call a reputable towing company. Exchange insurance information with the other driver.
(6) Vehicle stalled in the desertHave your vehicle regularly checked. Keep at least 1/3 tank of fuel. Avoid driving in dangerous conditions.Let someone know where you’ll be going. Keep a cell phone and supplies on you at all times.Carry extra water and car repair tools. Stay cool and ration your supplies.Raise the hood and stay near the vehicle and road. Signal distress to passing cars.Get well hydrated. Treat for heat exhaustion and sunburn. Repair your vehicle at a certified shop.
(8) Backcountry injuryCarry a map and cell phone. Inform people of your location beforehand. Tread cautiously on uneven terrain.Pack reliable survival gear. Bring a first aid kit, food, and water. Know how to signal for rescue.Be in strong physical condition and plan for hazards beforehand. Use the buddy system. Stay within limits.Signal for help. If lost, remain in the same place. Ration food and perform first aid.Repair/replace damaged gear. Take your time to recover. Use what you’ve learned to avoid future accidents.
(13) Violence in a public placeBe on the lookout for suspicious or aggressive behavior. If you see something, say something to an authority.Identify exits and places to seek cover. Place a solid object between you and the attacker. Be ready to run.Wear reliable footwear and clothing that doesn’t restrict movement. Stay in good physical condition.Call 911. Evacuate quickly but avoid trampling others. As a last resort, incapacitate the attacker.Connect with other survivors. Attacks can be traumatizing. Don’t be afraid to seek the help of a psychologist.
(18) Major flooding or flash floodKnow your area’s flood history. Keep sandbags at home if you’re in a flood zone.Keep all valuables in a secure, waterproof spot. Sandbag your home. Evacuate if recommended.Avoid driving in floodwaters. Keep emergency food and water in your home.Listen to the radio for flooding zones and evacuate to a safe location. Avoid entering floodwaters.Return home only when completely safe. Wear heavy boots and gloves during cleanup. Beware of electrocution risks.
(19) Hurricane with power outageStay informed about weather conditions in your area during storm season.Create an emergency kit. Pack food and water to last 2+ weeks. Decide on a family shelter location. Charge all devices.Have a family response plan beforehand. Keep a battery-powered radio and flashlights.Avoid glass or nearby windows. Evacuate quickly if ordered. Make sure everyone is accounted for.Clean up any debris around your house. Beware of unstable structures. Contact your insurance. Conserve phone battery.

I’m gonna be honest with you, I’ve already spent like 3 hours making this, but there’s way too much information to include in a table. 🙁 You might need to do your own research. Ready.gov is an awesome resource made by FEMA that covers each of these emergencies in detail. Use their sidebar to check out the emergencies you’re most interested in.

Planning for Family Emergencies (Requirement 2)

2a) At a family meeting, discuss the situations on the chart you created for requirement 1b and make emergency plans for sheltering-in-place and for evacuation of your home. Discuss your family meeting and plans with your counselor.

Sit down with your family and go over the 10 emergency situations you analyzed in requirement 1b. For each one, decide together: would you shelter-in-place, or would you evacuate? The answer depends on the type of emergency. For a tornado, you’d shelter-in-place in the lowest interior room. For a gas leak, you’d evacuate immediately.

TopicWhat to Discuss
Shelter-in-place planWhich room is safest? Where are your emergency supplies stored? How will you seal doors and windows if needed?
Evacuation planWhich exits will each family member use? Where is the meeting point outside?
Communication planWho is the out-of-state contact? What if cell towers go down? Does everyone have the number memorized?
Special needsDo any family members have medical needs, mobility limitations, or pets that need to be accounted for?

Scout Tip: Bring your emergency situations chart from requirement 1b to the family meeting. Reviewing each scenario together will make the conversation feel more concrete and help your family take the planning seriously. Families that have a plan are far more likely to respond effectively during a real emergency.

2b) Develop and practice a plan of escape for your family in case of fire in your home. Draw a floor plan with escape routes and a map with a safe meeting place. Discuss your family’s home escape plan with your counselor.

For this requirement, you’ll draw a floor plan of your home showing at least two escape routes from every room. Every bedroom should have a primary exit (the door) and a secondary exit (a window). Mark a safe meeting place outside, like a mailbox, tree, or neighbor’s driveway, where everyone will gather after escaping.

Once your plan is drawn, actually practice it with your family. Try it during the day and again at night (when visibility is lower). Time yourselves and look for bottlenecks. Can everyone get out in under 2 minutes? If not, figure out what’s slowing things down.

Merit badge tip: If you’re also working on the Fire Safety merit badge, this requirement overlaps nicely. You’ll create a similar home fire escape plan for Fire Safety, so completing both at the same time can save you effort!

2c) Using a checklist in the Emergency Preparedness merit badge pamphlet or one approved by your counselor, prepare or inspect a family disaster kit for sheltering-in-place and for evacuation of your home. Review the needs and uses of the items in a kit with your counselor.

Creating an emergency supply kit is the first step you should take to prepare your family for any disaster. In the event of a disaster where resources are cut off, a supply kit should keep your family alive for close to 2 weeks.

The updated requirements now ask you to prepare two types of kits: one for sheltering-in-place (staying home during a disaster) and one for evacuation (leaving your home quickly). Your shelter-in-place kit can be larger and stored in a closet or garage. Your evacuation kit should be portable and ready to grab on the way out the door.

Here’s what your family emergency supply kits should include:

ItemWhy You Need ItShelter / Evacuation / Both
Water (1 gallon/person/day)Clean water may be unavailable for days. Store at least a 2-week supply for sheltering.Both (3-day supply for evacuation)
Non-perishable foodMREs, canned goods, and dried foods last months without refrigeration.Both
Can openerEssential for accessing canned food when power is out.Both
First aid kitTreat injuries when medical help may be delayed.Both
Flashlight + extra batteriesPower outages are common during disasters. Avoid using candles (fire risk).Both
Battery-powered or hand-crank radioStay informed about emergency alerts and evacuation orders.Both
Prescription medicationKeep a 2-week supply of any essential medications.Both
Important documentsInsurance papers, IDs, and medical records in a waterproof container.Evacuation
WhistleSignal for help if trapped under debris.Both
Trash bags + sanitation suppliesMaintain hygiene when plumbing may not be working.Shelter
Cell phone charger / power bankKeep your phone charged for emergency calls and alerts.Both
Cash (small bills)ATMs and card readers may not work during power outages.Evacuation

If you want a head start on assembling your emergency kit, I’d highly suggest getting the Everlit Emergency Survival Bag (Amazon referral). Having this or another portable kit to rely on in case of an emergency should give you more peace of mind and help you to be ready for anything.

To learn more about building your family emergency kits, watch the official FEMA planning video (5:26) below:

For more information on building a kit and making a family plan, you can check out Ready.gov’s article.

Preventing Accidents and Emergencies (Requirement 3)

3) Preventing Accidents and Emergencies. Do ONE of the following:
3a) Using a home safety checklist included in the Emergency Preparedness merit badge pamphlet or one approved by your counselor, inspect a home for safety hazards with the help of an adult. Present your completed checklist to and discuss your findings with your counselor.

For this option, you’ll walk through a home room-by-room looking for safety hazards. The merit badge pamphlet includes a checklist, but your counselor may also approve an alternative. Here are some common hazards to look for in each area:

Room/AreaCommon Hazards to Check
KitchenFlammable items near the stove, missing fire extinguisher, expired smoke detector batteries
BedroomsBlocked escape routes, no working smoke detector, overloaded power strips
BathroomSlippery surfaces without mats, medications accessible to children, no GFI outlets near water
Garage/BasementImproperly stored chemicals, blocked exits, no CO detector
ExteriorOvergrown vegetation near the house, unsecured propane tanks, tripping hazards
3b) Develop emergency prevention plans for five family activities outside the home, as approved by your counselor. Each plan should include an analysis of possible hazards, proposals to prevent, protect from, mitigate, respond to, and recover from emergencies, and the reasons for the actions that you propose.

For this option, pick 5 family activities and apply the same 5 aspects of emergency preparedness (prevention, protection, mitigation, response, recovery) to each one. Examples include going to a park for a picnic, attending a movie, going to a beach, traveling to visit a relative, or attending a ball game or concert.

For each activity, think about what could go wrong (weather, injuries, getting separated, fire, medical emergencies), then write out how you’d handle each using the 5 aspects. This is the same framework you used in requirement 1b, just applied to everyday family outings instead of large-scale emergencies.

Dangerous Situations (Requirement 4)

4) Show how you could save a person from the following dangerous situations without putting yourself in danger:

Here’s a quick overview of the four rescue scenarios you need to know:

ScenarioKey ActionWhat NOT to Do
4a) Live electric wireTurn off power at circuit breaker, or use a dry non-conductive object to move the wireNever touch the victim or wire directly; avoid water and metal
4b) Carbon monoxideEvacuate everyone immediately and call 911Don’t open windows first (this disperses evidence of the leak source)
4c) Clothes on fireStop, Drop, and Roll to smother flamesDon’t run (adds oxygen to the fire and spreads flames)
4d) DrowningReach, Throw, Row, then Go: use poles, floaties, or boards before entering waterDon’t jump in unless trained; a panicking victim can pull you under
4a) Live household electric wire.

The best method to rescue someone being electrocuted by a live wire is to quickly turn off the electricity, if possible. This can be done by accessing the house’s main circuit breaker and flipping the top main circuit breakers (often a pair) to the OFF position. If you don’t know the location of your house’s circuit breaker, take the time right now to ask your parents.

If you’re unable to turn off the electricity, you’ll need to separate the victim from the electrical source. Take extreme caution! Touching the wire, the victim, or any conductive objects could cause you to be electrically shocked as well.

Using a long, dry pole made of either wood, rubber, or plastic, move the live wire away from the victim. Avoid contact with any water and metal near the electrical source.

Once the victim is no longer being shocked, immediately call 911. If they are unconscious, avoid touching them unless you are 100% sure that it is safe. A victim of electrical shock may have had their heart rhythm disturbed, so it’s important that they quickly receive emergency medical care.

4b) A structure filled with carbon monoxide.

Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless gas that is toxic when inhaled. Many types of machinery such as cars, generators, and ovens create carbon monoxide as a byproduct when used. Symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning include headaches, dizziness, nausea, loss of consciousness, and even death.

If you or anyone you know experiences symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning, immediately evacuate everyone in the vicinity to fresh air and call 911.

Important update from a Fire Department Captain: Instead of opening windows, looking for the leak source, and wasting time, quickly inform others, exit the building, and call 911. The reasoning behind this advice: “By opening all the doors and windows you will be performing natural ventilation and dispersing the CO. I highly recommend that you evacuate immediately and call 911. Do not ventilate, the fire department will be much less likely to identify the source of the CO.”

The following video (2:56) walks you through the 5 steps for performing first aid on a victim of carbon monoxide poisoning:

To ensure that you and your family are not exposed to unsafe levels of carbon monoxide, you should also install CO/smoke detectors in your kitchen and close to where you sleep. This detector will emit a loud sound, alerting you if there are unsafe levels of carbon monoxide in the building.

4c) Clothes on fire.

In most cases, a person whose clothes are on fire should immediately stop, drop, and roll:

  1. Stop: Running adds oxygen to the fire and could cause the flames to spread. Immediately freeze in place.
  2. Drop: Gently bring yourself to the ground to avoid further injury. Spread yourself out lengthwise so that a large portion of your body is in contact with the ground.
  3. Roll: While covering your face with your hands, roll side to side in a motion that will smother the flames. Continue until the fire is completely extinguished.

The stop, drop, and roll method is recommended to prevent further injury if the victim’s shirt or pants catch fire. However, if their clothing is loose and can easily be removed, or their jacket is on fire, it’s recommended that they quickly take it off.

If you witness this type of emergency, help to extinguish the fire if you have water or a non-flammable safety blanket on hand. Seek emergency medical attention immediately if burns are charred, blistering, or if the victim is in excessive pain.

4d) Drowning, using nonswimming rescues (including accidents on ice).

When assisting a drowning person, your own safety is first and foremost. Always try to reach out using poles, floaties, or long objects before entering the water yourself. You can also toss buoyancy devices such as life jackets or boards to the victim which they can hold onto to stay above water.

To see these non-swimming rescues demonstrated, watch the following video (5:42):

When saving an individual who’s fallen through ice into cold water, you should also reach out to them using a long object such as a stick or pole. The main difference is that you want to approach the victim while on your belly. This is to distribute your weight over the ice and prevent it from breaking under you.

Here’s a great video (2:34) that’ll show you how to perform 3 different types of ice rescues:

Congrats on Finishing Part 1 of the Emergency Preparedness Merit Badge!

Awesome job reading this far! You’ve already learned the fundamentals of emergency preparedness, analyzed 10 emergency situations, created family emergency plans, and practiced rescue techniques. Once you’re rested up, it’s time to check out Part 2 of my guide, which will help you to answer requirements 5-10 of this Eagle-required badge! 🙂

Also, if you’re interested in the difficulty rankings for every Eagle-required merit badge, you can check out my full guide here. PS: If you’re also working on your Fire Safety merit badge, many of the emergency response and home safety skills overlap!

Cole

I'm constantly writing new content because I believe in Scouts like you! Thanks so much for reading, and for making our world a better place. Until next time, I'm wishing you all the best on your journey to Eagle and beyond!

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